Reverse osmosis method is a purification technology used to obtain low concentration water close to pure water by purifying 90-99% of high concentration water containing chemical salts.

Osmosis is the equalization of ion concentrations between two solutions of different ion concentrations separated by a semi-permeable membrane. This naturally occurring process, caused by osmotic pressure, is called REVERSE OSMOSIS when a pump applies a pressure greater than the osmotic pressure. The semi-permeable membrane allows only pure water to pass through, removing dissolved organic and inorganic substances (salty, bitter, high-conductivity, etc.), salts, heavy metals, viruses, and bacteria.

Reverse Osmosis System Membrane Structure

The most commonly used membrane type is the TFC (thin film composite) spiral-wound membrane. TFC membranes are made of polyamide/polysulfone-based polymer material.
Standard membrane diameters are 2.5”, 4” and 8”.
Standard membrane length is 40” (approximately 1 meter).
The effective filtration surface area of one 8” TFC membrane is approximately 350-400 sqft (32-36 mt2).
Membranes are placed in high pressure resistant stainless steel or FRP sheaths with 1-6 elements.